74. SURAH AL-MU’MINUN [THE BELIEVERS] – Presentation of Islam and Quran

INTRODUCTION

Surah Mu’minun [The Believers] was revealed in Mecca in the 74th order and took its name from the word “al-Mu’minun” in the first verse. At the beginning of the surah, the victory of the believers and the disappointment of the unbelievers are discussed.

After the miracle of creation is exhibited in the surah, the subjects of “resurrection after death”, “tawhid” and “embassy” are discussed. “Resurrection after death” is the main subject of the sura. In the sura, where the objections of the deniers on this issue and the evidence given to convince them are revealed, scenes of the afterlife that reflect the regrets of the deniers are also included.

In the surah, brief sections from the lives of the previous prophets, Noah (pbuh), Moses (pbuh) and Jesus, son of Mary, are given, and the struggles of many prophets are narrated without mentioning their names.

MEAL

¹Indeed, the believers have maintained their status/succeeded.

²They are the ones who are sincere in their Salah [supporting financially and spiritually; striving to enlighten the community].

³And they are the ones who keep their distance from that which is vain.

⁴And they are the ones who fulfill/give zaqah; the tax that the believers sincerely give as a liability of belief and duty of servitude so that the religion of Allah may be spread, maintained and Salah may be established.

^5-7And they are the ones who guard their chastity, -except for those their spouses or whom their covenants possess, for they will not be blamed because of this; those who wish to go beyond, it is those who are the transgressors.-

⁸And they are the ones who are faithful to their trusts and covenants.

⁹And they are the ones who maintain their Salah [supporting financially and spiritually; the institutions that enlighten the community].

^10,11And they are the ones who are the inheritors that will inherit gardens of Firdevs in which they will abide eternally.

^12-16And indeed, We formed human from a chosen clay/elements. Then We made him a drop of semen in a very firm lodging. Then We formed an embryo from that drop of semen. Then We formed a piece of flesh from that embryo. Then We formed bones from that piece of flesh. And at the end, We clothed those bones with flesh. Then We assembled him in another formation. How generous is Allah Who is the best of those who form! Then indeed, you will die after these. Then you will definitely be resurrected on the day of Qiyamat [Resurrection].

¹⁷And surely, We have formed paths above you. And We are not unaware, careless, apathetic of formation.

¹⁸And We have sent down a measure of water from the sky and settled it on the earth. And surely, We are the Ones Who are able to take it away.

¹⁹Then, We brought forth gardens of date and grapevines with it. There are many fruits in these for you and you eat from them.

²⁰And We brought forth a tree issuing from Tur-ı Seyna; Southeastern Taurus Mountains which produces oil and which is a food for those who eat.

^21,22And there indeed is an evidence for you in four-legged, split-hooved ruminant and herbivore animals. We make you drink that which is from their bellies. And there are some more benefits in them for you. And you eat from them and you are carried on them and on ships.

²³And indeed, We sent Noah to his people as a messenger and he said to them: “O my people! Worship Allah. There is no deity except Him for you. Will you still not enter under the guardianship of Allah?”.

^24,25Thereafter, the chiefs among his people who were infidels; those who consciously denied the divinity of Allah and the fact that He is Rabb said: “This is nothing but a human like you. He wishes to take precedence over you. Had Allah willed, He would surely have sent down the angels. We have not heard this among our ancestors. This is only a man possessed with madness. Then, wait for him in hope for a time”.

²⁶Noah said: “My Rabb! Help me because they have denied me!”.

^27-29Then We revealed to him: “Construct the ship under Our observation and with Our revelation. And when Our command comes and the conditions mature, put into the ships two from every kind as pairs and your family, relatives and believers except those for whom the Word has been decreed. Do not address me about those who did wrong; acted against their own good by associating others with Me. They have surely drowned in the water; they will die, drowning in the water. Then when you and those with you have boarded the ship, say: ‘All praise is to Allah Who has saved us from the people who do wrong; act against their own good by associating others with Him; do not praise anyone else!’. And say: ‘My Rabb! Let me land to a place with blessings in abundance/bestow upon me abundant blessings. You are the best of those who land/bestow’”.

³⁰Surely, there are some evidences/signs in this. And We surely are those who test.

³¹Then We made another generation after them.

³²Then We sent them a messenger among them from themselves who warned them, saying “Worship Allah, there is no deity except Him for you. Will you still not enter under the guardianship of Allah?”.

^33-38And those leaders from among the people of the messenger, who disbelieved; consciously denied the divinity of Allah and the fact that He is Rabb and denied the meeting of Akhirat [Afterlife] and to whom We had given luxury in this simple worldly life said: “This is only a human like you; he eats from that which you eat, he drinks from that which you drink. And if you obey a human like yourselves, then surely, you are the ones who lose. Does he promise you that you will definitely be brought forth when you have died and become dust and bones? That which you are threatened with is impossible! Only our simple worldly life! We die, live. And we are not the ones who will be resurrected. The messenger is only a man who invents lies about Allah and we do not believe in him”.

³⁹The messenger said: “My Rabb! Help me because they have denied me!”.

⁴⁰Allah said: “After a little time, they will certainly become regretful!”.

⁴¹Then the scream seized them in truth. Thus, We made them stubble. Then, being away is for the people who did wrong; acted against their own good by associating others with Allah.

⁴²Then, We made other generations after them.

⁴³No community with a leader will advance its time nor will they postpone.

⁴⁴Then, We sent Our messengers in succession. Whenever there came to a people their messenger, they denied that messenger so We made some of them follow some others and We made them parables. –Away with the people who do not believe!-

^45,46And then We sent Moses and his brother Aaron/made them messengers to Pharaoh and his chiefs with Our Ayat/evidences/signs and an explicit authority. Thereafter, they were arrogant and became a people who acted haughtily.

⁴⁷Then they said: “Will we believe in these two humans who are like ourselves while their people are in servitude to us?”.

⁴⁸Thus they denied both of them and became of those who were manipulated/destroyed.

⁴⁹And surely, We gave Moses the book so they might follow the righteous path they were guided.

⁵⁰And We made son of Mary and mother of Jesus an evidence/a sign and settled them both on a hill that had water and was suitable for living.

⁵¹-O messengers! Eat from that which is clean, pleasant and beneficial and do righteous deeds. Indeed, I am the One Who knows very well what you do.

⁵²And this is your community as the one united community. And I am your Rabb. So, enter under the guardianship of Mine.-

⁵³Then people divided their affairs among themselves. And every group rejoices and brags about what it has.

⁵⁴Now, leave them alone with their astray until a time!

^55,56Do they think that We bestow upon them of the wealth and sons so We may hasten them in good deeds? Rather, they are not able to perceive.

^57-61Surely, those who shake, fearing to be away from their Rabb for the deep admiration and respect to Him, those who believe in the Ayat of their Rabb, those who do not associate others with their Rabb, those who give what they give while their hearts are in awe because they are those who return/turn to their Rabb; they are the ones who hasten in good deeds and who go ahead for good deeds.

⁶²And We do not burden any one other than what he is able to; other than what is within his capacity. And with Us is a book that speaks the truth and they will not be treated unjustly.

⁶³Quite contrary, their hearts are covered over this matter. And they have some evil deeds lesser than this, they continuously do evil deeds.

⁶⁴And when We seize those among them who are in luxury with a punishment, they immediately start to cry out.

^65-67Do not cry out today! Surely, you will not get help from Us. Indeed, Our Ayat had been recited to you but you turned back and went, acting arrogantly and speaking evil at night concerning this.

⁶⁸Have they not thought about the Qur’an at all? Or has there come to them that which did not come to their ancestors before?

⁶⁹Or did they not know their messenger so they are the ones who attempt to prevent the messenger from being known?

⁷⁰Or, do they say: “There is a madness in him”? Rather, their messenger has brought them the truth. And most of them are those who do not like the truth.

⁷¹And if the truth had followed their desires; the heavens/universe, the earth and those who are in them would have been ruined. Actually, We have brought their glory/reminder; then they are the ones who keep their distance from their own glory/reminder.

⁷²Or do you ask them for a tribute? Tribute of your Rabb is better. And your Rabb is the best of providers.

^73,74And surely, you invite them to a straight path. And those who do not believe in Akhirat [Afterlife] are definitely the ones who have gone astray from this path.

⁷⁵If We had pitied them and removed what was upon them of affliction, they would have definitely persisted in their transgression, going more blind.

⁷⁶And surely, We seized them with punishment; yet they did not submit to their Rabb despite this and they never showed that they were humble towards Allah.

⁷⁷Until We have opened upon them a door of severe punishment, then you will see that they will be in despair therein!

⁷⁸And Allah is the One Who built the hearing, the sight and your hearts for you. O how less you repay for the blessings you are given!

⁷⁹And Allah is the One Who produced and multiplied you on the earth. And only to Him you will be gathered.

⁸⁰And it is Allah Who gives life and takes life. And only for Him is the alternation of the night and the day. Will you still not use your reason?

⁸¹Rather, they said like what former peoples had said.

^82,83They said: “Will we indeed be resurrected when we have died and become a dust and bones? Surely, we and our ancestors were threatened with this before. This is nothing but the legends of the former ones!”.

⁸⁴Say: “If you should know; to whom does this world and those on it belong?”.

⁸⁵They will say: “To Allah”. Then say: “Do you not contemplate?”.

⁸⁶Say: “Who is Rabb of the heavens/universe and who is Rabb of the great throne?”.

⁸⁷They will say: “It belongs to Allah/It is Allah”. Then say: “So, will you not enter under the guardianship of Allah?”.

⁸⁸Say: “If you should know; who is the One Who possesses the dominion over all things and Who governs all and Who protects all; but Who is not protected?”.

⁸⁹They will say: “It belongs to Allah/It is Allah”. Then you, say: “Then how are you deluded?”.

⁹⁰Rather, We have brought them the truth, yet they are certainly the liars.

^91,92Allah has not taken any child; and there is no deity with Him. Otherwise, every deity would have taken that which it had formed and would definitely overcome others. Purified is Allah Who knows the unseen, the unheard, the unfelt and the obvious, from that which they describe. And He is high above that which they associate with Him.

^93,94Say: “My Rabb! If you should certainly show me that which they are threatened with, my Rabb! Then do not keep me among the people of those who do wrong; act against their own good by associating others with You”.

⁹⁵And, We surely are the Ones Who are able to show you that which We promised them.

⁹⁶Repel evil by that which is best. We know very well that which they ascribe.

^97,98And say: “My Rabb! I seek refuge in You from the incitements of the devils! And my Rabb! I seek refuge in You from that they would be present with me as well.”.

^99,100And when death comes to one of them, he said: “My Rabb! Send me back so I may do righteous deeds in that which I have left”. Certainly not as he thinks! This surely is a word he is saying. There will be a barrier behind them until the day when they will be resurrected.

¹⁰¹And when the Sur is blown, there will not be a relationship among them on that day, and no one will ask one another for anything.

¹⁰²Thus, those whose scale are heavy, it is they who will reach the salvation.

¹⁰³And those whose scale are light, they are the ones who have ruined themselves; they will abide in Jahannah [Hell] eternally.

¹⁰⁴The fire will sear their faces while they grin.

¹⁰⁵Were My Ayat not recited to you? And you denied them?

^106,107They will say: “Our Rabb! Our transgression defeated us and we became a people who were in astray. Our Rabb! Take us out of here. If we do the same again, then we will truly be the ones who do wrong; act against their own good”.

¹⁰⁸Allah will say: “Remain despised therein! And do not speak to me. ¹⁰⁹Indeed, a group from among my servants said: “Our Rabb! We have believed; then forgive us, have mercy upon us, You are the best of the merciful”. ¹¹⁰And you ridiculed them; at the end, they made you forget/abandon My remembrance/My reminder. And you laughed at them. ¹¹¹Surely, this day, I have rewarded them for their patience; it is they who are successful”.

¹¹²Allah will say: “How many years did you remain on the earth in number of years?”.

¹¹³They will say: “We remained one day or a part of a day. Ask those who count”.

¹¹⁴Allah will say: “You stayed only for a little time; if only you had known!”.

¹¹⁵And did you think that We formed you only uselessly and you would not be returned only to Us?

¹¹⁶Allah, the true owner, the ruler, is the most sublime. There is no deity except Him. He is Rabb of the most prestigious, the greatest throne.

¹¹⁷Whoever invokes another deity along with Allah with having no proof, let him know that his account is surely only with his Rabb. Indeed, the infidels; those who consciously denied the divinity of Allah and the fact that He is Rabb will not maintain their status, will not succeed.

¹¹⁸And say: “My Rabb! Forgive and show mercy! You are the best of the merciful”.

ANALYSIS:

¹Indeed, the believers have maintained their status/succeeded.

²They are the ones who are sincere in their Salah [supporting financially and spiritually; striving to enlighten the community].

³And they are the ones who keep their distance from that which is vain.

⁸And they are the ones who are faithful to their trusts and covenants.

⁹And they are the ones who maintain their Salah [supporting financially and spiritually; the institutions that enlighten the community].

^10,11And they are the ones who are the inheritors that will inherit gardens of Firdevs in which they will abide eternally.

In this group of verses, our Lord explains the believers who maintain their situation and have achieved victory. In this explanation, performing certain actions is considered as a requirement of faith and as the fruit of faith. With this, the message is given that mere faith is not enough and that faith must be reflected externally through good deeds.

Our Lord declares that believers who are humble in their prayers, who turn away from vain things, who pay alms, who protect their chastity, who honor their trusts and covenants, and who preserve their prayers are prosperous. The word “فلاحfelah” is generally translated as “salvation”. This word is used forty times in the Qur’an, thirteen of which are used as “perpetrator noun” in the form “مفلحmüflih” and the others as verbs. In Arabic, and therefore in the Quran, the concept of “salvation” is expressed with the words “نجاةnecat”, “فلاحfelah”, “فوز fevz” and “خلاصhalas”. Therefore, in order to understand the passage well, we must first analyze the meaning of the word “falah”.

The main meaning of the word “فلاحFelah” means “to split”. The farmer who plows the land and the sailors who plow the sea are called “فلاّحfellah”. This word means “success, salvation, blessing and remaining in goodness.”[1]

As understood from here, the main meaning of the word is matter; While it means to achieve the purpose by splitting objects such as soil and water, in parallel with this meaning, it is also used to mean splitting spiritual difficulties and not being harmed by them. We define this meaning as “reaching a joyful state; victory and maintaining the status quo; We can express it as “avoiding any harm”.

When we look at the Quran, it is seen that the word felah and its derivatives are used in the sense of both gaining victory in this world and reaching a happy ending in the afterlife.

In the passage that is our subject, the expression “finding success” means both gaining profit for the afterlife and preserving the situation in the world; It means not being harmed.

In these verses, our Lord lists the following as the indispensable qualities of believers:

“²They are the ones who are sincere in their Salah [supporting financially and spiritually; striving to enlighten the community].

It is explained here that believers have “salah” and that they perform their salah with “awe” and therefore they have attained success.

“Salat” means “social support; We have explained many times that our aim is to educate people spiritually and mentally, and to support and take part in solving all financial problems. While believers are asked to undertake this responsibility, it is also emphasized that this task should be done with humility.

الخشوعHUŞU: This word means turning the eyes to the ground, blocking the eye’s gaze, lowering the voice; It means “don’t say the word from inside your throat.”[2]

We call this “respect of body organs”; Therefore, we can express it as “general respect”. The word “hush” appears seventeen times in the Quran in verb, noun and adjective forms.

While it is stated that believers should be respectful in their salahs, the message is given that salahs performed disrespectfully, ostentatiously, with mockery and fanfare will not work.

^45-46And seek help through patience, Salah [supporting financially and spiritually; enlightening the community]. –Surely, seeking help through patience and Salah is very difficult for all other than those who show respect; who really believe that they will meet their Rabb. And indeed they are those who turn/return to their Rabb/who do all of their work in accordance with the principles of Allah.-

(Baqara/45, 46)

^4-7Woe to those who are careless, apathetic to their Salah, who fulfill Salah [while they look like they support others financially and spiritually; strive to enlighten the community] for showing off, entertainment and forbid that even simple items should reach to a needy!

(Maun4- 7)

³⁵And their support by the Bayt [House]/Kaaba is only to whistle and applause, a show. –Then taste this punishment for you have disbelieved; consciously denied the divinity of Allah and the fact that He is Rabb!-

(Anfal/35)

^142,143Surely, the hypocrites try to deceive Allah. Yet, He is the deceiver upon them. And when they stand for Salah [supporting financially and spiritually; enlightening the community]/ go into public, they move lazily, being irresolute hesitating between the two, they do not stay with the believers nor the infidels, they make a display to the people. And they remember Allah but a little. And whomever Allah leads astray; you can not find a way for him.

(Nisa/142,143)

⁵⁴And it was only their disbelief; their conscious denial of the divinity of Allah and the fact that He is Rabb, their consious denial of that His Messenger was true messenger, their reluctance to Salah [supporting financially and spiritually; enlightening the community], and unwillingly spending for the cause of Allah that prevented their expenditures from being accepted.

(Tevbe/54)

³And they are the ones who keep their distance from that which is vain.

In Arabic, the word “lağv” includes all kinds of empty and meaningless things that are not useful for a person to achieve his goal. It also includes lying, backbiting, bickering, bickering, disgusting songs, obscene jokes, and the like.[3] One of the characteristics of believers is that they “turn away from vain things.”

The need for believers to turn away from vain things was previously brought to the agenda in the Surahs Furkan and Al-Qasas:

⁷²And servants of Rahman [Allah; the One Who shows great mercy on the earth to all living beings that He created] do not testify to falsehood, and when they come upon a trivial matter they pass by with dignity.

(Furkan/72)

⁵⁵And when they hear vain talk, they keep their distance from it and say: “What we do is only for us and what you do is only for you. Salam [health, peace, happiness…] be upon you! We do not seek the ignorant”.

(Kasas/55)

One of the characteristics of the “successful believers” is reported to be “their ability to pay alms”. Here, the word “zakat” is not used as a verb like “زكىzekâ, تزكّىtezekka”, but as a proper noun meaning “الزّكوةez-Zekât [Tax]”. As understood from here, Zakat was made obligatory in Mecca, not in Medina as claimed. As a matter of fact, En’am/141 confirms this:

¹⁴¹Allah is the One Who builds gardens with and without trellises, dates, crops with many kinds of fruits, olives and pomegranates, similar to one another and dissimilar. Eat of its fruit when it yields, and give its due right on the harvest day and do not diminish from its right. Surely, Allah does not like those who diminish the right.

(An’am/141)

It would be a wrong understanding to assume from the clear statements in the verses that are our subject that the purpose of zakat here is to cleanse the soul from polytheism and dirt. The expression regarding the purification of the soul is given in verb form in the Quran:

(Shams/9-10)

As it is known, zakat [tax] was a social duty that existed in the Meccan administration. The Meccan administration collected taxes from its citizens and used these taxes to help the needy without discrimination of religion. For a while, they cut off the zakat to torture the believers, and the needy believers suffered as a result. This issue was included in the Surah Fussilat:

^6,7Say: “I am only a human like you. I am revealed that ‘Your god is the One and the Only God’. Therefore, take a straight path to Him and ask Him for forgiveness”. O woe to those who do not give zaqah; the tax that the believers sincerely give as a liability of belief and duty of servitude so that the religion of Allah may be spread, maintained and Salah may be established and those who associate others with Allah who consciously deny/disbelieve in Akhirat [Afterlife]!

(Fussilet/6-7)

In this part of the passage, it is stated that “saved believers” protect their chastity, do not commit adultery, do not engage in prostitution, and meet their sexual needs within the framework of marriage and legal contracts, giving the message to believers that they should do this.

While explaining with whom sexual intercourse will take place in the verse, two classes are mentioned: “spouses” or “ma mekeket eymanükum [those who have your oaths and contracts]. The same principle is also mentioned in the Surah Meariç:

^29-31And those who fulfill Salah are the ones who guard their chastity. –Except for their spouses and those whom their covenants possess³¹⁸. Because, they will not be condemned when they approach them. Those who seek beyond that; they are the transgressors.-

(Mearic/29- 31)

The phrase “ما ملكت ايمانهمma mekeket eymanühum [what their contracts have]” in the verses is generally understood as “concubines”. The understanding that there is no numerical limitation regarding concubines and that there is no need to marry them has become dominant. Then, it is necessary to analyze who is meant by the expression “ma mekeket eymanühum [what their contracts have]”:

As it is known, when the religion of Islam came, the institution of slavery existed in Arabia, as in all parts of the world. The institution of slavery continued through methods such as purchase, inheritance, abduction by raid, enslavement of prisoners of war and slave donation. The religion of Islam prohibited taking captives except in hot wars and the enslavement of captives taken in war (Anfal/67 and Muhammad/4). Thus, Islam completely banned the institution of slavery with a gradual method. In the process that started in the 19th century, other states, especially England, banned slavery and abolished this institution. Unfortunately, the Ottoman Empire, an Islamic state, banned the black slave trade in 1857 and the white slave trade only in 1909.

During the period when the slavery institution continued, male and female slaves were given under the protection of foster families within the framework of certain conditions and contracts, and these patron families benefited from their labor force and protected them. Although slaves had freedom of religion and conscience, they were not economically and politically free. After the acquisition of slaves through inheritance and usurpation was abolished, women among the prisoners of war who were not subject to exchange, who were not ransomed, and who did not have anyone from their own family to protect them, were again given under the protection of someone under certain conditions. Sometimes slaves were sent as gifts from a neighboring country where slavery had not been abolished.

The women mentioned in the passage, “ma mekeket eymanühum [they have contracts]”, are “those who are under the protection of the public” within the framework of these conditions. There is no meaning in the verses about what people have. These women were considered deficient in certain points according to the tradition of that day.

These are the women described with the expression “or what their contracts have” in the verse that is our subject. In order to have sexual intercourse with them, it is necessary to get permission from their relatives and get married by paying their dower according to custom (Nisa/24). Islam does not approve of sexual intercourse without marriage. It considers voluntary unmarried intercourse as adultery, and unmarried and involuntary intercourse as rape.

Another meaning of the conjunction “ev” in Arabic is “et Tafsilü ba’de’l ijmal (detailed explanation after the summary statement”.[4] We see examples of this in the Quran.

¹³⁵And Jewish said: “Be Jews so you might find the righteous path you are guided to”; Christians said: “Be Christians so you might find the righteous path you are guided to”. Say: “Rather, to the religion/lifestyle of Abraham who did not accept that there would be partners of Allah as a person who has turned away from disbelief and associating others with Allah!”.

(Baqarah135)

⁵²Similarly, when a messenger came to those before them, they definitely said about him: “This is a magician!” or “the one who is supported by secret forces/is a madman!”.

(Dhariyat/52)

The meaning in this verse is “some said he is a magician, some said, “He is a madman/supported by secret powers!” they said.

In our subject verses, the expression “their spouses or their contracts are separate” means “Their married spouses are separate, some of whom have had a normal marriage, and some of whom are possessed by the law; It is said that he married a woman under public protection…

The reason why these women are considered a second group with the word “or” in the verse is due to the unknown points in their past and the fact that they were not equal to their original citizens in terms of dowry in the customs of that day. Although the basis of marriage is the same, there are differences in the details. God willing, these points will be revealed in detail in Surah Nisa.

The following names can be given as concrete examples of such women: “Safiye, the Mother of the Believers”, one of the wives of our Prophet, was a prisoner of war; Mariye is also a gift to him. Our Prophet married both of them. Additionally, these two women are described as the “wives” of the Prophet Muhammad in the Quran [in the Surahs Tahrim and Ahzab].

MUT’A MARRIAGE

This type of marriage, which is called “Mut’a Marriage” in the literature and means the renting of women only for sexual enjoyment, is a legal wife, not a real lady, so such a practice would be exceeding the limits and is prohibited.

⁸And they are the ones who are faithful to their trusts and covenants.

Another characteristic of the “saved believers” explained in this part of the passage is that they are ⁸nd they are the ones who are faithful to their trusts and covenants. “Obey” means “to shepherd, to protect, to guard, to watch over”.

“Entrusted”, “something trusted and given”; “Covenant” means “what a person undertakes to do in terms of things that will bring him closer to his Lord.” Trust and covenant include all agreements, contracts and promises, whether made between God and man or between man and man. The importance of trust and covenant is a very important issue that Allah emphasizes. There were also explanations regarding this issue in the Surah Nahl. Due to its importance, we recommend that you read the relevant section again.

⁹And they are the ones who maintain their Salah [supporting financially and spiritually; the institutions that enlighten the community].

“

In this part of the passage, it is emphasized that the believers who are successful are the ones who protect their salah. As can be seen, salah is a duty that should not be neglected even in times of fear. Salat eliminates evil and excesses in society. With the disappearance of Salah, life in hell begins to reign in society. For this reason, salah has been accepted as the showcase and pillar of religion.

^238,239Collectively maintain the Salat [supporting financially and spiritually; institutions that enlighten the community] and especially the best Salah [the best of supporting financially and spiritually; enlightening the community; Salah of the weekly gathering day]. And stand for Allah, being always respectful; work; keep education-training and social support institution operational. But if you are in a fearsome environment, then maintain, fulfill it while on foot or riding; on the move. And when you are safe and secure, remember Allah as He has taught you that which you do not know.

(Baqara/238, 239)

⁴⁵You, recite/follow what has been revealed to you from the book and establish Salah [establish and maintain the institution that supports financially and spiritually; enlightens the community]. Indeed, Salah [supporting financially and spiritually; the institution that enlightens the community] keeps away; prevents from transgression, evil. And remembrance of Allah is indeed greater. And Allah knows that which you do and produce.

(Ankebut/45)

^59-61A bad generation came after them, and they took away Salah [supporting financially and spiritually; striving to enlighten the community] from their lives. And they followed their desires. Therefore, they all, except those of them who have repented and believed and done righteous deeds, will be punished for their transgression. Then those of them who repent and believe and do righteous deeds will enter Jannah [Heaven/Paradise]; to the gardens of Eden which Rahman [Allah; the One Who shows great mercy on the earth to all living beings that He created] promised to His servants – even though they did not see – and they will not be treated unjustly at all. Surely, His promise will certainly be fulfilled.

(Meryem/59-61)

^10,11And they are the ones who are the inheritors that will inherit gardens of Firdevs in which they will abide eternally.

After declaring that the “successful believers” have the characteristics listed above, it is stated in this last part of the passage that it is these believers who will inherit the Firdevs paradise.

The word Firdevs is mentioned in another verse as follows:

^107,108Indeed, those who have believed and done amendatory deeds, gardens of Firdevs will be presented for them wherein they will abide eternally. They will never desire to leave there.

(Kahf/107, 108)

According to general opinion, the word “Firdevs” is a word that was later transformed into Arabic. It means “garden” in Greek. “Feradis”, the plural of the word Firdevs, is the name of a place in Syria.[5]

According to the narrations in classical sources, Qatada claims that Firdevs is the center and highest place of heaven, while Ka’b says, “There is no one higher and higher than Firdevs in the heavens.”

Just as it is understood from this verse that our Lord will reward believers with the gardens of Firdevs in the afterlife, it is also understood that the good news that the gardens of Firdevs in Syria, which was still Byzantine land when these verses were revealed, will one day be available to believers.

Similar passages to this passage in the Surah al-Mu’minun are also found in the Surahs Furkan and Meariç:

⁶⁷And servants of Rahman [Allah; the One Who shows great mercy on the earth to all living beings that He created] do not decrease the necessary spending and they do not cause financial hardship to those whom they provide for. And their spending between those methods is sound / just / that upholds.

^68-71And servants of Rahman [Allah; the One Who shows great mercy on the earth to all living beings that He created] do not invoke any other deity with Allah. They do not kill the soul that Allah has forbidden. – They only kill by right. – And they do not commit unlawful sexual intercourse. – And whoever does these, will meet wasting his time/delaying the good/being reluctant for the good/harming. His punishment will be multiplied on the day of Qiyamat [Resurrection] and he will abide there forever, being humiliated. Except for those who repent, believe and do righteous deeds. Thus, Allah replaces their evil deeds with good. And Allah is very forgiving, very merciful. And whoever repents and does righteous deeds, surely he will return to Allah as his repentance is accepted. –

⁷³And servants of Rahman [Allah; the One Who shows great mercy on the earth to all living beings that He created], when they are reminded of the evidences/signs of their Rabb, they do not act deaf and blind.

⁷⁴And servants of Rahman [Allah; the One Who shows great mercy on the earth to all living beings that He created] say: “Our Rabb! Grant/bestow us the ones who will bring comfort to us from our spouses and successors. And make us a leader for those who have entered under the guardianship of Allah!”.

^75,76And servants of Rahman [Allah; the One Who shows great mercy on the earth to all living beings that He created] will be rewarded with the highest positions in Jannah [Heaven/Paradise] for their patience as the ones who will abide therein eternally and they will be welcomed with respect and Salam [health, peace, happiness…]. – What a good settlement and residence it is! –

(Furkan/67-76)

²²Except “Those who fulfill Salah” [those who made supporting financially and spiritually; enlightening the community their principle].

²³Those who fulfill Salah are the ones who maintain their Salah [supporting financially and spiritually; enlightening the community].

^24,25And those who fulfill Salah are the ones within whose wealth is a known right for those poor who ask and are shy to ask.

²⁶And those who fulfill Salah acknowledge the day of recompense.

²⁷And those who fulfill Salah are the ones who fear the punishment of their Rabb.

–²⁸Indeed, the punishment of their Rabb is not that from which one is safe.-

³²And those who fulfill Salah stand behind their trust and promises.

³³And those who fulfill Salah fulfill their testimonies.

³⁴And those who fulfill Salah maintain their Salah [principles of supporting financially and spiritually; enlightening the community].

³⁵And these ones who fulfill Salah will be hosted in Jannah [Heaven/Paradise].

(Mearic/22- 35)

The qualities of “those who attain salvation” are mentioned in many verses in the Quran [Baqara/3-5, 189, Al-i Imran/104, 130, 200, Maide/35, 90, A’raf/8, 69, 157, Anfal/45, Hajj/77, Nur/31, 51, Rum/38].

In this group of verses, our Lord reveals the stages of the first creation to prove that He will resurrect people in the afterlife. Accordingly, man first became mud [inanimate matter], then sperm, then an embryo, and then a piece of flesh. Then, part of the piece of meat turned into bones, and finally meat was put on the bones. After this stage, it was re-established with a different creation.

The stages listed here are also listed in the Surah Hajj:

⁵O people! If you doubt that you will be resurrected after you die, know that We formed you from dust, and then from a drop of semen, and then from an embryo, and then a disfigured piece of flesh so We may make clear to you what you are. And We keep whom We will in the wombs for a specified term. Then We bring you out as a child so that then you may reach time of maturity. And some of you are reminded that which you did in the past and failed to do while being obliged to/lives of some of you are taken. And some of you are made to reach to miserable time of his life to have no knowledge after his previous knowledge. And then you see the earth barren; then it quivers, swells and grows plants of every beautiful kind when We send down water on it.

(Hajj/5)

We have previously made detailed explanations about the words “nutfe” and “alak”. The phase of “re-establishment in another creation”, which is discussed for the first time here, is the phase in which the living offspring, which was previously a parasite attached to the mother, turns into an independent human being with its own physiological systems.

Scientific texts provide extensive information about these extraordinary events in the stages of human creation.

All human beings, without exception, were born within the framework of this program. Prophet Jesus was also conceived in his mother’s womb by a different method, but he too was born by going through sperm, alaqah and other stages.

⁵⁹Indeed, example of Jesus in the sight of Allah is like the example of Adam/every human; He formed him from dust and then said to him, “Be!” then he immediately was.

(Al-i Imran/59)

After being reminded of the programs of creation, he said, “Then, undoubtedly, you will surely die after these. Then, undoubtedly, you will be resurrected on the Day of Judgment,” warning that every living creature, including the prophets, will surely die and all people will be gathered together in the afterlife. Man has no power to resist death and resurrection. The fact that death and the afterlife are real enables people to realize their helplessness and to ensure that their behavior in the world is balanced. People who believe that they will be resurrected after death and be rewarded for their deeds spend their lives in this world with a hopeful expectation, without getting carried away or spoiled.

³⁵Every creature with an identity will taste death. And We test you with evil and good to purify you. And you will be returned only to Us.

(Anbiya/35)

⁵⁷Every creature with an identity will taste the death. Then you will be returned only to Us.

(Ankebut/57)

³⁰Surely, you will definitely die and they will definitely die too.

(Zumer/30)

²⁰And among His evidences/signs is that He formed you from dust. And then, now you are human beings dispersing.

(Rum/20)

⁷He is the One Who made everything that He formed the best and began the formation of human from a clay/elements. ⁸Then He made his posterity from a semen, a simple water/liquid. ⁹Then He formed, shaped him and informed him. And He created ears, eyes and hearts for you. Yet how little you repay for the blessings you have been given!

(Secde/7- 9)

^20-22Say: “Travel through the earth and observe how He began formation. Then Allah will build the last structure. Surely, Allah is the One Who is competent over everything. He punishes whom He wills and has mercy upon whom He wills. And you will be returned only to Him. And you will not incapacitate in the heavens/universe and on the earth. And there is not a familiar who is a protector, a guide nor a helper for you from among those that are inferior to Allah”.

(Ankebut/20-22)

²⁰Did We not form you from a water/liquid disdained?

^21,22Then We kept it within a place which is safe for a measurement/until a time predetermined. ²³For We had the power to do so. How excellent We are in being able to! ²⁴Woe, on that day, to the deniers!

(Mürselat/20-24)

¹⁷And surely, We have formed paths above you. And We are not unaware, careless, apathetic of formation.

¹⁸And We have sent down a measure of water from the sky and settled it on the earth. And surely, We are the Ones Who are able to take it away.

¹⁹Then, We brought forth gardens of date and grapevines with it. There are many fruits in these for you and you eat from them.

²⁰And We brought forth a tree issuing from Tur-ı Seyna; Southeastern Taurus Mountains which produces oil and which is a food for those who eat.

In these verses, our Lord enumerates the blessings He has bestowed on people. These blessings have been reminded many times before.

The phrase “seven paths above you” in verse 17 refers to the layers of the sky and space. The number “seven” is an allusion to multitude, and the expression “seven heavens” appears many times in the Quran:

^3,4He is the One Who formed the heavens/universe upon one another in harmony. You do not see any inconsistencies in the formation of Rahman [Allah; the One Who shows great mercy on the earth to all living beings that He created]. Now, turn your sight, can you see any flaw? Then turn your sight two more times again. Your sight will turn back to you humbled while it is fatigued.

(Mülk/3.4)

⁴⁴All the heavens/universe, the earth and all that is between them purify Allah from all deficiencies. There is not anything that does not purify Allah from all deficiencies with His praise. But, you do not understand well their purifying Allah from all deficiencies. Surely, He is the One Who forbears, forgives much.

(Isra/44)

^15,16Have you not seen how Allah formed the heavens/universe in layers and made the moon a light among them and the sun a lamp?

(Noah/15, 16)

¹²Allah is the One Who formed the universe. The command; reflection of all His attributes descends between the heavens/universe and the earth so you may know that Allah is competent over all things and His knowledge encompasses all things. (Talaq/12)

With the phrase “We have formed paths above you. And We are not unaware, careless, apathetic of formation.” at the end of the verse, our Lord states that everything He created is under His control, that He is aware of every situation of everything, and that everything is recorded.

²Allah knows what penetrates into the ground and what emerges from it, what descends from the heavens/universe and what ascends to it. And He is the One Who is the possessor of vast mercy, the One Who removes the sins of His servants, does not punish them and has much forgiveness.

(Sebe/2)

⁴He is the One Who formed the heavens/universe and the earth in six stages and established dominion on the greatest throne, the One Who knows what penetrates into the earth and what emerges from it, what descends from the heavens/universe and what ascends to it. And wherever you are, He is with you. And Allah is the One Who sees best what you do.

(Hadid/4)

⁵⁹Keys to the unseen, the unheard, the past and the future are only with Him. No one knows them except Him. He also knows what is on the land and in the sea. Not even a leaf falls but that He knows it. No grain is there within the darkness of the earth and no moist or dry thing except that it is within an explicit book.

(An’am/59)

In the 18th and 19th verses, it is stated that a certain amount of water was sent down from the sky and this water was stagnated [stored] on the earth; It has been brought to attention that thanks to this stored water, fruits and vegetables grow and people benefit from them.

The “water” mentioned here may be the water that existed in the universe as it was first created and that circulates between the earth and the sky without disappearing or decreasing. This is also a great miracle.

²¹And the treasures of all things are only with Us. And We send it down only by a certain measure.

(Hijr/21)

Our Lord sends down water from the sky in measure and ensures the continuation of life with it. Details on this subject have been given previously.

At the end of verse 18, our Lord invites people to reflect and give thanks by saying, “And indeed, We are the ones who have the power to eliminate it.”

³⁰Say: “Have you ever thought? If your water was drawn into the ground, who could bring you a spring water?”.

(Mülk/30)

In verse 20, our Lord draws attention to the olives and olive oil that He has blessed people with.

Tur-i Sînîn

It is stated in ancient dictionaries that the word طور tûr is Syriac and is the name of a mountain in Damascus (Syria). According to research, “طور” means mountain in Aramaic. The Southeastern Taurus Mountains are in the northern lands of the Assyrian Empire, whose language is Aramaic. So, the word “طورtûr” comes from the word Taurus. (Taurus means Bull) It came to the Arabs from the Assyrians.[6]

In the years when the first dictionaries were written, these lands belonged to Syrians. At that time, the Southeastern Taurus Mountains, which were in Syrian territory, were called الطورet-Tûr.

According to old dictionaries, “طورtûr” means “mountain with trees on it”. If there is no tree on it, it is not called “tur”. Today, there are no trees or vegetation on Mount Sinai, which is claimed to be “طور سيناTûr’i Sinâ”. However, the Taurus Mountains are covered with tree vegetation.

In Mü’minun/20, it is reported that olives grew/an olive tree grew from Tûr-i Seynae. The homeland of olives is known as the Turkey-Syria border, and according to scientific data, this is the Kahramanmaraş, Hatay, Mardin triangle. This region is the Southeastern Taurus Mountains region. There is no tree on the alleged Mount Sinai, let alone an olive tree.

سيناء SEYNÂE- سنينSİNİYNE

There is a recitation confusion in these words mentioned in Mü’minun/20 and Tin/2.

In the Official Mushaf, the word “سيناء seynâe” in Mü’minun/20 is called “سِيناءSiynâe” by Nâfi, İbn-i Kesir, Ebu Amr, Ebu Cafer, İbni Muhaysın, Yazidi and Hasan;

It was read as “سِناءsinâe” by Mutavva and as “سَيْناSeynâ” by A’meş.

In the Official Mushaf, in Tin/2, the word “سنينsiniyne” is mentioned by İbn-i ebi İshak, Amr b. Meymun is called “سينينseyniyne” by Abu Reca;

Omar b. Called “سيناءsiynâe” by Hattap, İbn-i Mesud, Talha and Hasan;

Omar b. Hattab, Zayd b. Ali and Abdullah b. It was read as “سَيناءseynâe” by Mesut. (Mu’cem’ül Kıraat’il Kur’aniyye)

What is understood from here is that although these words are written differently in both verses, they are actually the same word.

The following information is given in ancient books about the meaning of these words:

These words are not inflected. It came to Arabic from another language.

There are different opinions about the meaning of the words.

“It means beautiful,” Katade explained.

Mujahid said: It means “blessed”.

Mukatil says: Every mountain with fruits on it is sayna, that is, beautiful. (Razi, Qurtubi)

As a result, what is meant by the words “طورtûr” and “سَيْناءseynâe” are mountains with plenty of trees and forest areas. Frankly, SOUTH EAST IS THE TAURUS MOUNTAINS. It is not the mountain called “MOUNT SINAI” today.

While attention is drawn to the olive tree in the verse, although olives grow in many regions, “Tur Mountain; The statement that it grows in the southeastern Taurus Mountains is because the people of that day knew the olive groves well and accepted that the homeland of olive cultivation was the Southeastern Taurus Mountains.

In verses 21 and 22, our Lord reminds us that there are lessons and many benefits for humans in animals [four-legged, two-hooved, ruminant and grass-eating animals]. This issue was also mentioned in detail in the Surahs En’am, Ya Sin and Nahl. Here we remind you of the relevant verses: (Nahl/5, Nahl/7, Nahl/66, Nahl/80, Mü’min/79, 80, Ya Sin/71-73.

²⁶Noah said: “My Rabb! Help me because they have denied me!”.

³⁰Surely, there are some evidences/signs in this. And We surely are those who test.

While counting the blessings He gave to people, our Lord also touched upon man’s intelligence and ability to benefit from water by saying “and you are carried and loaded on ships” in verse 22. As an example, in this passage, our Lord brought up the prophet Noah and made a brief explanation about him.

There are very long explanations about the prophet Noah in the previous surahs (Surah Nuh, (A’raf/59 -64, Yunus/71 -73, Hud/25-48, Kamer/11, 12).

When we look at the story of Noah, we see that the society of Noah (pbuh), like the society of the Prophet [Quraysh], is an ignorant and unintelligent society that insists on blindly imitating the religion of the ancestors, using the human nature of the messenger as an excuse. The same things always happened between the messengers and their people who lived between Noah and the Messenger of Allah in the past.

The expression “when the tandoor boils” in the verse may be an expression meaning “things are getting more intense”, which figuratively expresses the beginning of the flood, or it may be an expression meaning “when dawn breaks”, which indicates the start time of the flood.

The polytheists mentioned in verse 25 are “ Then, wait for him in hope for a time”.” ifadesi, “o yakında davasından vaz geçer, yakında aklını başına toplar. Siz onu gözetim altında tutun” demektir.

******

In this group of verses, again using an example given, the polytheist societies of the past and the messengers sent to them are discussed, and it is stated that the unbelieving societies resisted the messengers with resistance and arrogantly ridiculed the warnings about the afterlife. The following statements of the deniers in question, quoted in the passage, also express the current approaches of atheistic, worldly and pleasure-seeking non-believers in our age:

³¹Then We made another generation after them.

³⁹The messenger said: “My Rabb! Help me because they have denied me!”.

⁴⁰Allah said: “After a little time, they will certainly become regretful!”.

⁴¹Then the scream seized them in truth. Thus, We made them stubble. Then, being away is for the people who did wrong; acted against their own good by associating others with Allah.

This is only a human like you; he eats from that which you eat, he drinks from that which you drink. And if you obey a human like yourselves, then surely, you are the ones who lose. Does he promise you that you will definitely be brought forth when you have died and become dust and bones? That which you are threatened with is impossible! Only our simple worldly life! We die, live. And we are not the ones who will be resurrected.

As understood from the passages in other surahs, the generation that came after the destruction of the people of Noah was the people of Ad, and then the people of Thamud. In fact, if their destruction with sayha [scream] is taken into consideration, Shuayb’s people are also among them.

⁴²Then, We made other generations after them.

⁴³No community with a leader will advance its time nor will they postpone.

In this passage, later generations are mentioned without naming them. Our Lord created another society after every society. He sent messengers to every society and erased the societies that denied the messengers from the stage of history.

⁴⁷Then they said: “Will we believe in these two humans who are like ourselves while their people are in servitude to us?”.

⁴⁸Thus they denied both of them and became of those who were manipulated/destroyed.

⁴⁹And surely, We gave Moses the book so they might follow the righteous path they were guided.

In these verses, the prophets Moses and Aaron were sent as messengers to warn Pharaoh and his elders, and the arrogant and arrogant attitude of Pharaoh and his team towards these two messengers is narrated. Pharaoh and his prominent staff objected to the two messengers, saying, “Shall we believe in these two human beings who are similar to us while their tribes serve us?” and were punished by God with destruction because of their arrogance and arrogance.

As we learn from the Quran, Pharaoh saw himself as the god and lord of his society and used the Israelites as servants in terms of social status, law and economy.

The relations between Moses and Pharaoh, which were previously described at length in many surahs, are briefly mentioned here as a reminder. All the details of what happened between Moses and Pharaoh are in Baqara/49-50, A’raf/103-136, Yunus/75-92, Hud/96-99, Isra/101-104, Ta-Ha/9-80. It is mentioned in the verses.

The book stated here to be given to Moses is the Torah. The “verses and clear power” that are stated to have been given to Moses and Aaron are the verses in the Torah and the “staff”, “whitening of the hand”, “locust epidemic” and other miracles.

^48,49And surely, We gave Moses and Aaron the criterion and a light and the reminder for those who fear their Rabb in awe with respect, love, knowledge in the unseen, unheard and unfelt desolate place, who are apprehensive of the moment of Qiyamat [Resurrection], who have entered under the guardianship of Allah.

(Anbiya/48)

⁴³And surely, We gave Moses the Book/the Torah as explicit proofs, guidance and mercy for the people after We had manipulated/destroyed the first generations so they might be reminded.

(Kasas/43)

⁵⁰And We made son of Mary and mother of Jesus an evidence/a sign and settled them both on a hill that had water and was suitable for living.

In this verse, the Prophet Jesus is mentioned retrospectively, and it is stated that Jesus (pbuh) and his mother Mary were made a sign and that they were both placed on a hill suitable for settlement and had water and lived there.

Our Lord made Mary and Jesus (pbuh) a sign [miracle] in terms of their birth. Because Jesus (as) was born without a father; Mary gave birth to him as a male.

Those who speculate on the place where Mary and Jesus (pbuh) were placed have claimed that a few places fit the description in the verse, such as Damascus, Ramela, Jerusalem and Egypt.

Mü’minun/50. The phrase “We placed the two of them on a hill suitable for settlement and with water” in the verse means that Mary left Palestine with her son and moved to another place; It states that they went to a hill that was suitable for settlement and had water. Again, according to the verses of the Quran, before Jesus was born, it was stated to his mother Meyem that she would be a skin and eye diseases physician and a food preservation specialist (Al-i Imran / 45-51), Mary should go to a place where training is given on these subjects. So, as we learn that Jesus was trained as an expert in skin diseases, eye diseases and food drying and storage, the place where Mary and Jesus went was QUMRAN. Jesus was raised there in the ALEXANDRIA school. And when he became a physician and a food specialist, God sent him as a messenger to the Israelites who were suffering from poverty and struggling with skin and eye diseases.[7]

While analyzing the 91st verse of the previous sura, the Anbiya surah, an explanation was made about Mary and Jesus being verses, we recommend that the detail be read from there.

⁵¹-O messengers! Eat from that which is clean, pleasant and beneficial and do righteous deeds. Indeed, I am the One Who knows very well what you do.

⁵²And this is your community as the one united community. And I am your Rabb. So, enter under the guardianship of Mine.-

In these verses, “Compliment” art was made and all the ambassadors were addressed and said to them: “O messengers! Eat of tayyibat [clean, pleasant, beneficial things] and do righteous deeds. Surely, I know very well what you do. And this is your ummah, a single ummah. I am also your Lord. By saying “Then treat Me with piety”, it is emphasized that there is and will not be any other way than the way of tawdid.

This means that our Lord used “Tayyibat” from his first messenger to his last messenger; He has made it halal for His servants to eat clean, pleasant, delicious and useful things.

⁴They ask you what has been made halal/permissible to them. Say: “Halal/permissible to you are that which is clean and pure and games of the hunting animals that you have trained of what Allah taught you”. Eat from what they catch for you and mention the name of Allah upon it and enter under the guardianship of Allah. Indeed, Allah is swift in accounting.

(Maide/4)

⁸⁷O you who have believed! Do not make haram/forbidden the pure-delicious-beautiful things which Allah has made halal/permissible to you. And do not transgress. Surely, Allah does not like the transgressors.

(Maide/87)

³¹O mankind! At every masjid’s [school] nearby; in public take your adornments, eat and drink; enjoy however do not ignore the right of Allah; indeed Allah does not like those who ignore His right.

³²Say: “Who made haram/forbidden the adornments which Allah brought forth for His servants and the clean provisions?” Say: “These are for those who believe in simple worldly life – only for them on the day of Qiyamat [Resurrection] -.” Thus We explain the Ayat in detail for a people who know.

(A’raf/31, 32)

^156,157Allah says: “I have My punishment; I will touch with it whom I will, and I have My Mercy; that encompasses everything. I will decree it especially to those who enter under guardianship of Allah, those who give zaqah; the tax that the believers sincerely give as a liability of belief and duty of servitude so that the religion of Allah may be spread, maintained and Salah may be established¹¹⁶ and who believe in Our Ayat; and those who follow the Messenger, the Prophet who is from the Mother City/Mecca who orders them the good, forbids them from evil, allows them that which is clean and pleasant and prohibits for them that which is filthy and evil, relieves them of their burden, ties and chains which were upon them; whom they can find written in the Torah and in the Bible which are with them. Therefore, those who believe in him, show him a strong respect, support him and follow the light sent down with him will be the ones who will succeed”.

(A’raf/156,157)

In verse 52, “And this is your ummah, a single ummah. I am also your Lord. With the statement “Then treat Me with piety”, it is understood that all the past prophets struggled to establish the belief in monotheism; The message was given that similar struggles to be waged should be carried out by teams centered on monotheism and equipped with a sense of responsibility towards Allah.

⁵³Then people divided their affairs among themselves. And every group rejoices and brags about what it has.

⁵⁴Now, leave them alone with their astray until a time!

^55,56Do they think that We bestow upon them of the wealth and sons so We may hasten them in good deeds? Rather, they are not able to perceive.

Verse 56: “Do they think that We are giving them something from wealth and sons so that We can encourage them to do good deeds?” The expression: The wealthy polytheists in Mecca thought that their wealth was a special blessing given to them by God so that they could do good deeds. And they saw it as their monopoly to help and support the poor of society. We have presented this in detail in the analysis of the words “Karim-Akrem” in the Surah Al-Alaq.

In these verses, our Lord declares that although His messengers tried to be a single ummah [people of monotheism], they deviated from the true path by dividing people’s affairs into pieces and each group rejoicing and boasting about what they had, and warned the Messenger of Allah not to waste time with such groups: “Now leave them alone with their perversion for a while!”

⁶⁸And when you see those who struggle in vain about Our Ayat/evidences/signs, keep away from them immediately until they enter into a new conversation. And even if satan makes you forget about it, when you remember, do not sit with those people who do wrong; act against their own good by associating others with Allah.

(An’am/68)

^140,141And Allah has revealed to you in the Qur’an: “When you hear that the Ayat of Allah are consciously denied and ridiculed, do not sit with them until they enter into another conversation. Otherwise, you will be like them”. Surely, Allah will gather in Jahannah [Hell] those who observe you/the hypocrites and infidels; those who consciously deny the divinity of Allah and the fact that He is Rabb. When you gain a victory from Allah, they say: “Were we not with you?”. And when there is a share for the infidels; those who consciously deny the divinity of Allah and the fact that He is Rabb, they say: “Did we not gain advantage for you, did we not protect you from the believers?”. On the day of Qiyamat [Resurrection], Allah will judge among you. Allah will never give a way to the infidels; those who consciously deny the divinity of Allah and the fact that He is Rabb against the believers.

(Nisa/140,141)

The expression “Every group rejoices and boasts about what it has” at the end of verse 53 points to people’s ignorant bigotry [bigotry, fanaticism]. Those who are divided in religion and divided into sects and dispositions; They boast about their own groups without measuring or evaluating them, and like football fans, they are caught up in the idea that theirs is the greatest sect or disposition. These fixed ideas lead them to think that those in their own sect, sect, and disposition will go to heaven; It leads other groups to claim that they will go to hell.

The polytheists, who fell into this situation and boasted despite the fact that books were sent down to them and messengers were sent, are condemned and threatened by saying ” ⁵⁶Do they think that We bestow upon them of the wealth and sons so We may hasten them in good deeds? Rather, they are not able to perceive. It is understood from this statement that some polytheists who had property and children claimed that Allah had given them this to do good deeds. However, the divine message denies them and warns that their wealth and children cannot save them.

⁷⁷Then, have you ever seen/thought about the one who denies Our Ayat, evidences/signs, the divinity of Allah and the fact that He is Rabb and who says: “Of course, wealth and children will be granted to me”?”.

^78-80Has that denier received information about the matters he would not know, comprehend; or has he taken a promise from Rahman [Allah; the One Who shows great mercy on the earth to all living beings that He created]? Certainly not as he thinks! We record that which he says and extend from the punishment extensively for him. And We will inherit what he says/last word and implementation belong to Us and he will come to Us alone.

(Mary/77- 80)

¹⁸And whoever desires the world that passes quickly, We hasten that which We will to whom We intend. Then We prepare Jahannah [Hell] for them so that they will enter therein condemned and banished. ¹⁹And whoever desires Akhirat [Afterlife] and works for Akhirat [Afterlife] with the effort that is due for Akhirat [Afterlife] while he is a believer, the efforts of those will be recompensed. ²⁰We give to all of them; those who desire the world and those who desire Akhirat [Afterlife] from the gift of your Rabb. And the gift of your Rabb is not restricted.

(Isra/18-20)

⁴⁴And when they abandoned what they were reminded, We opened the doors of everything upon them. Then We suddenly seized them when they ‘rejoiced and became spoiled’ in that which they had been given. Then they became the ones whose hopes were lost.

⁴⁵Thus eradicated were the people who did wrong; acted against their own good by associating others with Allah, by disbelieving. –And all praise is to Allah, Rabb of all universes; no one else may be praised.-

(An’am/44, 45)

⁵⁵Therefore, do not let their wealth and children make you envy. Yet Allah intends to punish them in the simple worldly life with these and take their lives while they are infidels; people who consciously deny the divinity of Allah and the fact that He is Rabb.

(Tevbe/55)

In the previous group of verses, those who abandoned the path of being a single ummah in the footsteps of the Messenger of Allah and were torn apart were condemned. Here, those who strive to become a single ummah by embracing “tawhid” are discussed and praised for the consciousness, attitude and qualities they display.

The word “verses” in the expression “those who believe in the verses of their Lord” in the passage can be understood as both the revelations that came to the prophet [verses of the Qur’an] and the verses of creation that the person sees in the aphak and infus.

⁶²And We do not burden any one other than what he is able to; other than what is within his capacity. And with Us is a book that speaks the truth and they will not be treated unjustly.

After those who are a single ummah are rewarded as “those who compete in good deeds and are the ones who are foremost in it [good deeds]”; In this verse, it is stated that being like this is not a difficult thing; It has been emphasized that this situation is within the limits of everyone’s ability and that this [not burdening anyone with a burden they cannot bear] is a divine principle. The same emphasis is also made in (A’raf/42, 43, En’am/152, Baqara/233, Talak/7, (Baqara/285-286).